Railroad car



y 1967 J. E. GUTRIDGE 3,319,583

RAILROAD CAR Filed Aug. 31, 1965 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 o I v iz."

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May 16, 1967 Filed Aug. 31, 1965 May 16, 1967 J. E. GUTRIDGE RAILROAD CAR 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Aug. 31, 1965 INVENTOR JACK E. GUTRIDGE BY W ai M ATT'Y May 16, 1967 .1. E. GUTRIDGE RAILROAD CAR 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Aug. 31, 1965 INVENTOR JACK E. GUTRIDGE ATT'Y J. E. GUTRIDGE May 16,1967

RAILROAD CAR 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Aug. 51, 1965 J. E. GLJTRIDGE May 16,1967

RAILROAD CAR 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Aug. 31, 1965 INVENTOR JACK E. GUTRIDGE ATT'Y United States Patent C) 3,319,583 RAILROAD CAR Jack E. Gutridge, Dyer, Ind., assignor to Pullman Incorporated, Chicago, 111., a corporation of Delaware Filed Aug. 31, 1965, Ser. No. 484,059 Claims. (Cl. 105366) This invention relates to an improved railroad car and in particular relates to a car having a car body mounted upon a body supporting and force transmitting means for longitudinal movement with respect to said means whereby the car body has its ends mounted over the bolster supports and its central portion disposed over the force transmitting means.

A prime object of this invention is to provide a railroad car that has a high lading carrying capacity and yet has its top portion sufiiciently low and within the proper tolerances to clear overhead bridges, tunnels and the like.

A further object of this invention is to provide a railroad car that is of high container lading carrying capacity in that the car can carry six containers instead of four, resulting in fifty percent increase in carrying capacity by providing for a car well portion extending between and below the car bolsters and whereby force transmitting elements are intercoupled with and guide relative to the car well portion and connect with the bolsters and wherein cushioning means is provided between the car couplers and the car body for absorbing the shock of impact of draft forces.

Another object of this invention is to provide for a car construction where the car bolsters slidably support the ends of the car body and whereby a pair of side flexible ribbon elements connect with the bolsters and lie in the plane of the car coupler assembly, the central portion of the car body having guide means in the line of said forces embracing and stabilizing the side ribbon elements for longitudinal movement of the bolsters relative to the body.

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved railroad car wherein the car body has an open top and bottom and carries container means having container tie holding means holding the containers to the body for lateral reinforcement of the car body by the containers.

Another object of this invention is to provide for a railroad car having a lightweight body construction carried by the bolsters and having side ribbon elements whereby the containers in the body give the body lateral stability and strength and the ribbon elements are contained by the body.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a novel draft sill construction for a railroad car wherein the draft sill is provided with a body supporting bolster and an outrigger and diagonal force transmitting members that connect between the central draft sill portion and outrigger which are connected to and vertically and laterally support the side ribbon elements to allow the buff forces to be transmitted simultaneously to the bolsters and through the force transmitting members to the flexible side ribbon members.

Another object of this invention is to provide a car body construction having a central well portion that extends below the line of draft forces and elevated car body end sections separated from the central portion by bulkheads whereby the top of the car body is open to receive containers and the central Well portion and the end sections being separate compartments and the central well compartments being able to hold one container or several containers in end-to-end relation and in vertically stacked relation.

It is another object of this invention to provide for a ice railroad car having a pair of end bolsters interconnected by a pair of side ribbon members, and a car body slidably mounted on the bolsters and having a central do pressed car body portion or well having cushioning means connecting with the bolsters lying generally in the plane of the ribbon sill and the plane of draft and between the car body well in a confined tolerance limited area, the cushioning means having a limited extension to provide for travel of the car body relative to the car bolsters for increased body length.

Another object of this invention is to provide for a railroad car having a car body with its end sections mounted over the bolsters and having a central depressed car body portion or well, the lower end of which has guide means slidably connected with side compression and tension ribbon members connecting with the bolsters, and cushioning means connecting between the car body well and the bolster portion of the draft sill in the plane of the ribbon sill and the draft forces imparted to the car.

Still another object of this invention is to provide for a car under carriage or beam network comprising a pair of end draft sills with bolsters and outriggers and a pair of flexible side members connecting with the outriggers and having diagonal tie means extending from the center of draft sill to the flexible members to define a path for the draft forces from the draft sills to the bolsters and from the diagonal tie means to the flexible members.

It is another object of this invention to provide for a railroad car having a car body slidably mounted on a car body support means with guide means intercoupling the support means with the car body generally in the plane of the draft forces, and container means disposed within said car body and the body having container indexing means and container hold down or tie means connecting the body with the containers to provide a -n'gidifying reinforcing car body structure between the bolsters.

A further object is to provide a novel cushioning unit for a railroad car between the car body and the car underframe which contracts in one direction and expands in the other direction to allow for dimensional tolerances between the car body and the car underframe resulting in greater lading storage space for the car body and still meet the clearance requirements for the railroad industry.

These and other objects will become apparent from references to the following disclosure including the description, appended claims and attached drawings whereing containers shown in phantom line;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view in side elevation of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a view of the invention taken along line 3-3 of FIGURE 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the invention taken along line 4-4 of FIGURE 2;

FIG. 4a is a perspective view of the container tie down and indexing means shown in FIGURE 4;

FIG. 4b is a perspective view of indexing means shown in FIGURE 4;

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the car body support construction of my novel invention;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 66 of FIGURE 5;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 77 of FIGURE 5;

FIG. 8 is a partial transverse section taken at the bolster of the invention;

FIG. 9 is a partial transverse sectional view taken at a car body upright post;

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the railway car includ- FIG. is a view taken along line 10'10 of FIG- URE 1;-

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the lower portion of FIGURE 10;

FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line 1212 of FIGURE 2;

' FIG. 13 is an enlarged partial view of the container holding means shown in FIGURE 12;

FIG. 14 is a container holding and indexing means shown in FIGURE 12; 7

FIG. 15 is a side elevational view of the cushioning means of my invention;

FIG. 16 is a sectional plan view of the cushioning means;

FIG. 17 is a plan view of the draft sill and draft gear of my invention;

FIG.v 18 is a sectional perspective view of the draft gear, and draft sill of my novel invention;

FIGS. 19, 20 and 21 are cross-sectional views of the novel cushioning device in various positions and showing the hydraulic cushioning structure therefor; and

FIG. 22 is an exploded view illustrating the various components of the novel cushioning device.

With reference now to the drawings, there is shown a railroad car 2 that is provided with a body support means or carriage 4 upon which is slidably mounted a body or superstructure 6. A buif or shock absorbing means in the form of a cushioning unit 8 is connected between the body 6 and the support means or under carriage beam network 4 toward one end of the car and toward the other end of the car 2, a return spring 8a is connected between the body 6 and the carriage or support structure 4. It is to be appreciated that the cushion unit 8 may be replaced by a spring 8a or the spring 8a may be replaced by a cushioning unit 8 so long as there is provided resilient means for absorbing the shocks transmitted from the support structure 4 to the body 6 and whereby resilient means will return the body 6 to its proper or predetermined position on the underframe 4.

The body 6 is normally centered on the underframe 4, the one-half of the car being a mirror image of the other one-half of the car 2 about a vertical plane extending through the centrallongitudinal axis x-x of the railroad car. Similarly, the car is bi-laterally symmetrical with respect to the central transverse axis y-y of the car. 7 Since the car presents bi-lateral symmetry along its xx axis or yy axis, similar reference characteristics are applied to similar parts on the opposed sides of the planes passing through these axes.

The carriage 4 generally comprises a pair of opposed draft sills 10, 10 at opposite ends of the car and along the longitudinal axis xx. Beneath and at the end of each sill 10 is disposed a truck 12 of four-wheel sets 12a. The body support bolsters 14, 14 are connected to and disposed over the trucks 12 and are welded to the draft sills 10, 10. Each bolster 14 is connected with the other by a pair of laterally disposed longitudinally extending flexible side ribbon force transmitting members 16-, 16 and between each bolster and therespective end of the car is an outrigger or cross member 14a integrated with the respective draft sill 10 and connected to diagonal and longitudinal members 16, 72. The body or superstructure 6 comprises a beam network body framework 18 mounted over the bolsters 14, 14 for reciprocable longitudinal movement with respect thereto. The body framework 18 is composed of laterally opposed sidewalls 20, 20 longitudinally opposed end walls 22, 22 and a bottom area 24 having a central well area 24a and end bottom area 24b, 24b. It is, therefore, seen that the framework 18 has a central portion 26 defining a well 28 extending below the line of car draft D-D and a pair of elevated end sections 30, 30, the bottom of which lie generally above the line of draft D-D (see FIG. 2). At the central portion 26, each sidewall section 20 is provided with a bottom body beam structure 32 which is provided with a guide means 34 (FIG. 9) to reciprocably receive therethrough a respective side beam 16. The outer laterally opposed ends of each bolster are each provided with a pair of rollers 36, 36 over which the skeletal sidewall sections 38, 38 of each skeletal sidewall 20, 20 slidably roll over the rollers 36. Container means are disposed within the body 6 generally over the 'car bottom area, the container means comprising two long container units 40 (FIG. 1) "disposed the well 28, one unit 40 being on top of another unit 40 and one shorter container 42 being stored within each elevated end section, 30; or four short containers 42 may be disposed within the well 28 instead of two long containers 40, as shown in FIG. 2. The container means are guided into the car body and tied thereto by indexing and tie down or holding means to be described later.

The car carriage 4 is provided with a pair of couplers 50 at the outer ends of each of the draft sills 10'. Each draft sill 10 is of conventional Z section construction and comprises a pair of longitudinally extending upright side plates 52 that oppose one another, each angle plate 52 having a long leg 52a and a short leg 52a, 2. top portion 54. Each stabilizing cross member or outrigger 14a (see FIG. 7) comprises a top 56- that is welded on top of the draft sill and extends transversely of the draft sill 10, and includes a horizontal portion 56a and two diagonal portions 56b; a cross member bottom plate 58 having a horizontal section 58:: welded to the short legs 52]) of the draft sill, and laterally extending diagonal sections 58b; and a pair of cross member triangularly shaped web sections 60 recessed within the top and bottom plates 56, 58. The bolster 14 (see FIG. 6) which is disposed inwardly of the outrigging support 14a at the inward terminal portion of the draft sill 10 comprises a bolster flat top plate or cover plate 62 and. a bolster bottom cover plate 64 which is of a fish belly design and has a flat horizontal plate section 64a welded to the draft sill leg sections 52a, 52a, 52b opposed diagonal plate sections 6412, and outer lateral and horizontal plate sections 64c, and two oppossed laterally extending web sections 68 recessed within the top and bottom plates 62, 64 having a fish belly contour with inner diagonal form and outer rectangular form merged-with one another in conventional bolster construction, the legs 52a, 52b, 52b of the drafts sill and the top 54 being welded to the outer of the two bolster webs 68. Longitudinally extending, laterally disposed cover end plates 69 are retained within and at the outer ends of the bolster 14 for receiving roller shafts 70 carrying the rollers 36. The bolster bottom plate 64a has a center plate which is pivotally connected to the bolster of the trucks 12. A pair of rectangularly shaped tie members or force t-r-ansmitting members 72 are attached to support blocks 76 (see FIGS. 7 and 17) mounted on each draft sill side plate 52 and extend diagonally outwardly and forwardly where they are attached to a respective outer end of the cross member 14a and to a respective ribbon member 16. Trunnion members 78 are located on the respective inner side or fish belly shaped web 68a of a respective bolster 14 for pivotal attachment with a respective eye couple of a cushioning unit 8 or a return spring unit 80! which in turn is pivotally connected to a car body 6 which is reciprocably mounted on the underframe 4 for longitudinal movement with respect thereto.

The coupler 50 is pivotally connected by pivot pin 80 (FIG. 7) to the U-shaped member or draft yoke 82 which is connected to the draft gear element 84 having a reduced outer end section 86 engageable with transverse plate 88 having gussets 90*, and element 84 having outer end portions 91 engageable with plate 88 and inner end portions 92 by stop blocks 94 of draft sill 10 in the conventional manner. The stop blocks 94 are mounted on the draft sill transverse support beam '96, the inward side of which is supported by draft sill upper end lower gussets 98 and heavy reinforcing gusset 98a, the

gusset 99a being horizontally and vertically aligned with outer tie beam support blocks 76 carrying tie beams or force transmitting members 72, the members 72, 76 and 96a having their center lines on the line of draft DD. The travel of the draft is limited between plate 88 and blocks 92 as is conventional. The outer end of the draft sill 10 has its two section plates 52 flared outwardly to permit angular movement of the couple 50. It is thus seen that draft forces or buff forces transmitted to the couple 50 and draft gear element 84 are transmitted by way of two paths, into the car underframe 4, one to the side ribbon sills 16 by way of members 94, 96, 98 and 72, the other to the cushion unit 8 as return spring unit 8a by way of draft sill portions 52 and 54 and the bolster 14. The cross member 14a gives lateral stability to the beams or members 72 and 16.

As previously mentioned, the side and end walls 20, 22

are symmetrically disposed with respect to the x-x axis and the y-y axis and, therefore, like components on opposite sides of vertical planes passing through these axis bear like reference characters. Now with reference to the drawings and in particular with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 4a, 4b, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14, each side wall 20 comprises a conventional Pratt light panel truss of bottom member 32 being beam 100', top chord or beam 101, upright posts or beams 102, and diagonal tie tension beams 104.

. The end portion of each side wall 20 defining with each other the two opposed elevated end wall sections 30 each comprising a rearwardly upwardly diverging bottom sill section or I-beam member 106, a bottom I-beam member 108 is enlarged for strengthening over the bolster, and a longitudinally extending bottom rear end member or I-beam 110, the beams 106, 108 and 110 being interconnected with one another to form the bottom outer side of the car body. A wearplate 108a (see FIG. 8), provided on the under side of the lower flange of each beam 108 for sliding engagement with each roller 36. The top outer side portions of the body at the elevated end sections 30 is provided with a horizontal longitudinally extending end beam section 112 (see FIG. 2) that is an extension of the top beam 101 annd extends outwardly and to the end of the car body 6. In each elevated end section 30 each side wall sec tion is provided with upright posts or I-beams 114, 116 and L-shaped end post 118, the center section outer end beam post 102 jointly forming with the upright post 114, the top beam section 112 and the diagonal beam 106 a trapezoid lattice provided with a diagonal tie member or strut 120; the over bolster beam 108 with its upright posts 114 and 116 and top beam section 112 forming a rectilinear lattice provided with a diagonal strut or tie member or beam 122; the most outward upright post 118 being similarly interconnected with the top beam section 112 and with the lower end beam 110 with ,a diagonal strut 124 extending from the outer end of the lower beam 110 upwardly to the juncture of the post 116 with the top beam section 112. Each of these beams are of I-beam or I-I-beam construction except L-shaped beam 118. Gusset plates 126 reinforce and interconnect beams 100 and 101 with the end upright posts 102 where the body elevated end sections 30 are joined with the central portion 26 having the well 28.

The two skeletal end Walls 22 (see FIG. 10) each comprise a pair of outwardly diverging tie r truss members 128 of T-bar construction. These beams 128 at their lower end join with horizontal transversely extending T-beam 130. The pair of upright end posts 116 of L-shape or angle shape construction connect with the diagonal T-bar beams 128, the top rear I-beam section 112 and at their bottom with the transverse T-beam 130. Each end wall 22 further comprises a pair of downwardly depending diagonal tie members 133 whose upper ends merge the outer corners of the car body with the horizontal transverse T-bar 130 and at the lower inward ends are conneted to vertical upward T-bar members 136 depending on the horizonal T-bar member 130. Between each upright end T-section member 136, at each end is provided a horizontally extending T-shape beams 138 and T-bar member 149 with diagonal ends 141. Wear plate means 134 are provided between draft sill 10 .and members 136, 138 and 140.

The bottom or container horizontal support plane 24 of the car body 6 is substantially open in the area of the well 26, but the fioor well area 24a is provided with container support means in the form of a two container end supports 176 at each end of the well 24a, each support 176 being an angle beam 178, with a container seat plate 179. At the center (center post 102) of the car, there is provided an additional transverse container support 180 comprising a pair of laterally opposed longitudinally extending depending upright plates 181 and a transverse horizontal container reinforced seat structure 182. The floor 24 (see FIG. 3) at each elevated end section 39 comprises a diagonal transversely extending tie H-beam 184 at the most rearward or outer end of the car body 6, connecting with beams and and inwardly disposed transversely extending reinforcing H-beam 186 connected between beams 110 to upright posts 116 and in parallel relation to the beam 188 that is connected between beams 114 and forms a rectangular box design with beams, 108 the rectangular box design being reinforced by diagonal tie beams 192, and lastly, there is provided transverse beam 190 connected with beams 194 that are diagonally sloping and connecting with the beams 188 to define a sloping floor. Upright diagonal criss-crossing beams 194 connect between posts 102 and floor beam 190 to define a dividing wall between each end section and the well to define 3 separate container compartments (see FIG. 4). The outer floor diagonal beam 184 at its most outer end provides a seat for the containers 42 in the elevated end section 30 as does the seat plate 196 (see FIG. 3) at the outer lateral corner at the end post 118.

Each ribbon element 16 is nestled between the lower channel or half section 34a (see FIG. 9) of the bottom beam 100 of body sill attached to upright beam 102 and channel member or strap 34!) that is welded to section 34a of the bottom beam 100 to form the guide structure 34 for encasing and guiding the side ribbon members 16 of the carriage 4.

The car body 6 is provided with the plurality of container hold down and indexing members as shown particularly by FIGURES 1, 2, 3, 4, 4a, 4b, 10, 12, 13 and 14. With reference to FIGURES 2, 3, and 4 there is shown four fixed well corners container hold down unit 200 (see FIGS. 4 and 4a) each having container locking pin 201 for tying down upper containers 42 in the well 24a (see FIG. 2) and located at the top of the car body 6 at the juncture of the well with a respective end section. Facing inward toward the well, each container hold down 200 is provided with inwardly sloping multiindex surfaces 202 for guiding a container 40 or 42 down into the well, and end sections there being four such container hold downs 200 for locating upper and lower containers within the Well, inserting into the upper well container 42 for tying same down. The lower central body support is provided with opposed index guide members 204 (see FIGS. 12 and 13) with opposed indexing surfaces 205 each that may be pivotally placed in the in use position as shown in the right lower corner of FIG. 12 by pivot means 205a and storage slot 205b or may be pivoted out of position as shown in the right lower corner of FIG. 12, the indexing member 204 being in use when it is desired to slide the smaller containers 42 into the well in side by side relation as shown in FIG. 2.

Directly above indexing members 204 and atop the car body is located indexing and tie down unit 206 (see FIGS. 12 and 14) pivotally mounted on beam 101 being 7 provided: with angled indexing surfaces 208 for guiding the smaller containers 42 on either side of it and also is provided withfour projections 210 which project from plate 212 for registering in the bottom ofthetop well container 42 and in the top of the bottom well container 42 as seen in FIGURES 2 and 14, the hold down and indexing member being mounted on plate 214 and being- I end of end sections (see FIG. 2) and at right outer corner and (see FIG. are also provided for container 42. Car body tie means 220 in the form of a Z-shaped plate is secured atop bolster 14 and disposed over lower flange of car body beam 108 adjacent wear plates 198a to limit vertical movement of the body relative to the body support structure 4 (see FIG. 8).

With reference now particularly to FIGS. -22, the cushioning unit 8 is attached between with the bolster 14 by bolster apertured trunnion 78, pin 222, and apertine-cushioning end'plate 224'and with the beam 190 of the body by body apertured trunnion 78b, pin 228 and aperture cushioning end plate 230. The cushioning unit 8 is constructed to expand or contract up to a specific distance and this permits the well 28 to be of greater longitudinal extent with the cushioning unit being attached to that part of the car body 26 that is outwardly of the'car well 28. Heretofore, cushioning units have had a travel of certain distance in either direction out- Wardly of the cushioning unit whereas this particular cushioning unit will travel or expand only a maximum of'specified distance outwardly in one direction but will contract. sill 10 atthe end of the car opposite where the cushioning unit 8 is mounted, the force will transfer substantially along the fiexible'ribbon element and the car body will tend to move relative to the bolsters 14. This will cause the yoke'm'emb er 246 to-move outwardly or to the left as reviewed in FIG. 20, a specific distance, say inches, expanding the overall length of the cushioning to a distance 20 inches in excess of that shown by FIG. 15 or 19, i.e. as shown in FIG. 20. If, however, a force is transmitted at that end of the draft sill 10 closest the cushioning unit, the buff force will be directed substantially from the draft sill 10 directly into the cushioning unit 8 without going through the portion of side ribbon elements 16 inwardly of the bolsters 14 and this will cause plate 230 to compress the cushioning unit with a resultant contraction of the cushioning unit of a specific length, say 20'inche's, less (see FIG. 21) thanthat shown in FIG. 15 which is the normal extended position when no draft buff forces are being imposed upon-the cushioning unit. It is, therefore, see-n that this construction of the cushioning unit requires less space and the well portion 28 of the body, therefore, may be of greater longitudinalextent.

This type of cushioning unit will also be applicable to a return spring construction as that shown by the return spring unit 8a, the only difierence being that the cushioning unit 8 is provided with a hydraulic cushioning a-rrangement' as shown by U.S. Patent No. 3,003,436 and the return spring unit 8a is not provided with such a hydraulic unit containing hydraulic fluid for absorbing shock loadsbut with a compressed spring 271. The purpose of-there'tum spring is merely to re-center the body with respect to the bolster 14 after impact but the cushioning unit 8 has the additional function of absorbing the shock loads through a hydraulic medium.

With reference now to the specific construction shown in FIGS. 15 through 20, the unit 8 (or unit 8a without the hydraulic unit) comprises a four walled rectangular Should a force be transmitted from the draft r and extends the cushioning unit in the normal position shaped outer housing 234 having an open end 235 and reciprocably disposed with respect to a second four walled rectangular shaped inner housing 236 having an open end 237 and having closed end 237a mounting member 224 and having its wall portions 238 extending within the housing 234. The outer housing or casing 234 is generally rectangular in cross section and has an outer substantially closed end 240 provided with a transverse horizontal slot 242 through which extend a pair of opposed longitudinally extending elements 244 of a yoke unit 246,

which, elements 244 at their outer 248 ends are fixed on a vertical plate or stop 250 having the vertical centrally located bug or plate 230 for connection with the car frame member the other apertured ends 252 of the elements 244 being connected with one another by a transverse pin means or abutment 254 engageable with spring sea-t 256 of hydraulic unit member or cylinder 260 within housing 236 which is in turn in housing 234 and carries a pair of guide members 262- that ride along the outside surfaces of the second housing 236 which wall portions 238 are provided with a pair of longitudinally extending slots for reciprocation of the pin 254 with respect to the housing 236. The internal housing 236 is provided with stops 265 against which plate 266 is held by spring seat 256, a plunger or piston guide shaft 268 abuts the other end wall 240 of the first housing 234 in-- side thereof and is provided with a spring seat 270 thereat and extends approximately the whole length of the housing 234 and reciprocably into member 260. A compression spring 271 extends about both members 260 and 268 (see FIG. 15 or 19) seating against the set 270 in the first housing 234 and the seat 256 in the second housing 236. Removable keeper means 272 in the form of a pin means 274 in apertured end 235 of housing 234 and stops 276 mounted on housing 236 prevent the housings 236 and 234 from separating from-one another.

The hydraulic mechanism for the cushioning unit 8' comprises the tubular piston rod 268 having a piston guide member 282 disposed within the tubular cylinder 260 and carrying a hydraulic fluid containing boot 280 and having piston head 284 and provided with ports 292 communicating with' orifice 294 in the piston head 284 which orifice communicates with the interior of the cylinder 260 which containsa metering pin 290 to control the flow of hydraulic fluid between the boot 280 andthe hydraulic cylinder 260, as disclosedin the U.S. Patent No; 3';003,436 to W. H. Peterson granted on Oct. 10, 1961,

for absorbing the shock of butf'forces with the contract ingand extending of the cushion unit '8 as aforesaid;

When the draft or bufi forces are transmitted through the side ribbon sills 16, as discussed above, the cushion unit 8 leaves its neutral position as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 to solid lines as shown in' FIG. 19, because of the relative movement between the bolster 14 and the car body'26' causing the cushioning unit to extend, the yoke member 246 moving outwardly of the housing 234 with the result that resilient means or spring 271 is compressed with the hydraulic mechanism absorbing the shock. When the draft or buff forces are transmitted from the'bolster 14 directly to the cushioning unit 8, the smaller housing 236 moves further inwardly into the larger housing 234' compressing the resilient means or spring 271 with the hydraulic mechanism absorbing the shock.

If the distance between the centers of the car trucks is increased, the width ofthe car must be decreased if it is to meet standard width clearances on curves and, therefore, the width of the car well. In order to maintain car capacity, the containers could be higher but this presents overhead celarance problem's. center to center distance is especially critical on railroad curves where the width clearance of the car is most reduced and the American Association of Railroads standards must be maintained, which is-approximately a maximum' of 60 feetbetween truck centers. Yet the container The trucks height must be kept as low as possible. This invention provides for recessing the car body or having a novel car well which allows maintenance of car carrying capacity with maximum distance between the trucks centers and meeting the necessary car width clearance and overhead clearance requirements. The most desirable location for a car cushioning device is between the bolster or truck connection and the car body end wall structure. The amount of space for this location is the distance between the trucks less the car container well length. It is therefore desired to have the maximum travel of the cushioning unit within the smallest pocket or space. This invention provides for more cushion travel of the cushioning unit without having to cut down on the length of the car well.

The container means are connected to the car body and, therefore, the container means support and reinforce the car body. As shown in FIG. 14, the tie down unit 206 that is pivotally mounted on the beam 101 of the central portion 26 of the car body 6 has its vertically extending lugs or projections 210 extending through slots 210a of the smaller containers 42, each slot 210a being elongated longitudinally of the car body to allow for movement of the projection 210 longitudinally of the car but the lateral width of the slot 210a is approximately the same in length as the lateral width of the projection 210 substantially preventing lateral or transverse movement of the container 42 with respect to the side walls 20 of the car body.

It is, therefore, seen that a novel railroad car is presented herein, wherein the car has a car body support means connecting with a car body through a novel cushioning unit or return device, the car body being slidably supported at its ends on the support means bolsters and being guided longitudinally between flexible side ribbon elements that are connected with the support means cross member that has ties connecting with the draft sill carrying the cross member and the bolster, and whereby the central position of the car body extends below the coupler line of draft to define a Well area disposed between the cushioning or return units, and whereby the body is provided with an open top for carrying containers of different sizes in the fore and aft end sections and in the well, the body being provided with means for guiding the containers into the body and locking the containers to the body, and whereby the body is interlocked with the side ribbon elements, the cushioning unit being so constructed as to permit greater longitudinal extent to the well.

The foregoing description and drawings at e given mere- 1y to explain and illustrate the invention and the invention is not to be limited thereto, except in so far as the appended claims are so limited, since those skilled in the art who have this disclosure before them will be able to make modifications and variations therein without departing from the scope of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. A railroad car comprising a car body carriage and a car body mounted on the carriage for reciprocable longitudinal movement, said carriage having a pair of opposed end draft sills, each draft sill comprising an outer transverse cross member and an inner transverse boltser, a pair of longitudinally extending laterally spaced side ribbon elements connecting each cross member, a pair of extending laterally opposed tie members for each draft sill and extending to the cross members and connecting with the side ribbon elements, said body having raised end sections supported on respective bolsters and having a depressed central portion being provided with guide means for coupling of the body to the side ribbon elements generally in a common plane with the neutral axis of the draft sill and the coupler draft height, and cushioning means disposed between the central well portion and the bolster generally in said plane for absorbing bufi forces transmitted to said draft sill, said tie members in transmitting draft forces from said draft sill to said side ribbon elements and said cross member stabilizing said tie members, and said guide means stabilizing said side ribbon elements against vertical movement and said bolsters being provided with bearing means movably supporting said end sections.

2. A railroad car comprising:

a car underframe including a pair of opposed longitudinally spaced apart end stub draft sills each having transverse bolster means,

car body means spanning over each bolster means and supported thereon for longitudinal reciprocation with respect thereto,

a pair of longitudinally extending flexible side ribbon members interconnecting each bolster means to define a sill-less car body receiving space between the bolsters,

said car body means having a pair of end portions each mounted over a respective end bolster and having a central well section extending within said space,

said well section having a depressed portion extending below the car body end portions and into a substantially common plane with the coupler draft height,

and longitudinally disposed guide means slidably intercoupling the portion of the body means extending generally into said common plane with the side ribbon members and guiding the underframe in a longitudinal path relative to the body,

said ribbon members extending through said guide means and said guide means limiting movement of the ribbon members transverse to the longitudinal axis of the car whereby said flexible ribbon members can withstand impact forces,

and cushioning means disposed between the car body well section and said underframe bolster means for absorbing draft and buff forces.

3. A railroad car comprising:

a railroad car underframe,

said underframe having a pair of opposed longitudinally extending end sill-like structures for transmitting draft and buff forces from the railroad car couplers,

said underframe defining an open space between each of said sill-like structures,

a pair of longitudinally extending laterally opposed flexible elongated draft force transmitting side ribbon sill elements interconnecting with said sill-like structures,

a railroad car body means having end portions mounted over said sill-like structures for support thereby for longitudinal reciprocation with respect to said sill structures,

said car body means having a central container carrying open well portions within said space and said well portion extending above and below a plane common with the neutral axis of said sill-like structure and the coupler draft height,

said car body means being provided with means intercoupling said car body means with said flexible side ribbon sill elements of the underframe generally in said plane for longitudinal guiding and supporting of said underframe ribbon sill elements with respect to said car body means whereby said flexible side ribbon elements can withstand impact forces.

4. The invention according to claim 3,

and resilient means being disposed between said body means and one of said sill-like structures for absorbing longitudinal shock loads imposed on the sill-like structure.

5. The invention according to claim 3,

and said end sill-like structures each having a transverse bolster,

said flexible ribbon sill elements connecting each of said bolsters with the other.

6. The invention according to claim 5,

and said end sill-like structures further being provided with transverse cross members disposed outwardly of said bolsters and being connected with said ribbon sill elements and said end sill-like structures having a central portion.

and diagonally extending force transmitting tie members connecting said center portion of said end sill structures with said cross members for transmitting draft and buff forces from said cross members to said ribbon sill elements.

7. The invention according to claim 3,

and cushioning means being operatively connected between said car body means and said end draft sill structures for absorbing buff and draft forces transmitted from said car underframe to said car body.

8. The invention according to claim 3,

and said last mentioned means comprising guide means disposed laterally at the sides of the car body means and receiving said ribbon sill elements therethrough.

9. The invention according to claim 7,

and at least one of said sill-like structures having a bolster and said cushioning means being operatively connected between the car body means and the bolster and lying in the horizontal plane of the neutral ax1s.

10. The invention according to claim 3,

and said sill-like structure each having an outer end cross member and an inner bolster and said ribbon,

sills interconnecting said cross members and bolsters of each of said end sill-like structures.

11. The invention according to claim 3,

and container means disposed within the Well portion and in the end section and container holding means connecting the container means with the car body means and indexing means on the car body means for guiding the container means into the car body.

12. The invention according to claim 3,

and said car body means comprising a pair of laterally opposed side walls extending along the length of the car,

each of said end portions comprising a transverse end wall and a transverse well portion defining wall spaced longitudinally inward of said end wall,

each end wall carrying a depending support for reciprocably receiving each of said sill-like structures.

13. The invention according to claim 3,

and container holding means at the well portion for tying containers thereto.

14. The invention according to claim 3,

and container support means for storing containers in the well portion and over the end portions of the car.

15. The invention according to claim 3,

and said ribbon sill elements extending through said guide means and said guide means limiting movement of the elements and resilient means disposed between the car body well and the bolster and lying in said plane for absorbing buff forces and insulating same from the car.

16. The invention according to claim 3,

and said car body means comprising a pair of laterally opposed side walls extending the length of the car,

an elevated bottom section in each end portion,

a central depressed container support means extending below the line of draft in the well portion,

a pair of longitudinally opposed transverse wall sections connecting the side walls and defining the ends of the body means,

said well portion having a pair of opposed transverse walls and interconnecting with the side walls in defining said end portions and said well portion.

17. The invention according to claim 3,

and said sill-like structures each comprising an inwardly disposed transverse bolster and an outwardly transverse cross member longitudinally spaced from said bolster and a central sill member carryingsaid bolster and said cross member,

a pair of draft and buff force. transmitting members each connecting a respective side of said central sill member with a respective end of said cross member on each side of said sill member,

said ribbon sill elements each connecting with a respective side of each cross member and each bolster for transmitting draft and buffforces from said central sill member to said draft force transmitting members to said ribbon sill elements to said body means,

and cushion means coupling each bolster with the body means whereby draft and buff forces are also transmitted from said central sill member to said bolsters through said cushioning means to said body means.

18. The invention according to claim 3,

and said well portion being provided with container holding means for locking double-stacked container arrangement in the well to thebody for rigidifying the body and supporting the top container of a doublestacked container arrangement and preventing the upper container from sliding relative to the lower container and thereby preventing shear forces being directed to the lower container.

19. A railroad car comprising:

a railroad car underframe,

said underframe having a pair of end draft sill assemblies supported on trucks spaced longitudinally of one another,

a pair of laterally spaced side sill elements extending longitudinally of the car and interconnecting the draft sill assemblies with one another,

means for supporting car body means on. the draft sill assemblies for longitudinal'movement with respect to the body means,

said enddraft sill assemblies each comprising an inwardily disposed transverse bolster and an outwardly transverse cross member longitudinally spaced from said bolster and a central sill member carrying said bolster and said cross member,

a pair of draft and buff force transmitting members each connecting a respective. side of said central sill member with a respective end of said cross member. On each side of said sill member,

said side sill elements each connecting with a respective side of each cross member and each bolster for transmitting draft and buff forces from said central sill member to said draft force transmitting membersto said side sill elements to said body means,

and cushioning means coupling each bolster with the body means. whereby draft and buff forces are also. transmitted from said central sill member to said bolsters through said, cushioningmeans to said body means,

whereby coupler draft forces are transmitted to the underframe and the body means.

20. A railroad car comprising:

a railroad car under-frame,

said underframe having a pair of end draft sill assemblies supported on trucks spaced longitudinally of one another, Y

a pair of laterally spaced side sill elements extending longitudinally of the car and interconnecting the draft sill assemblies with one another,

means for supportingcar body means on the draft sill assemblies for longitudinal movement with respect to the body means,

said end draft sill assemblies each comprising an inwardly disposed transverse bolster and a central sill member carrying said bolster,

a pair of draft and buff; force transmitting members each connecting a respective side of said central sill member with a respective end of said bolster on each side of said sill member,

said side sill elements each connecting with a respective 13 14 side of each bolster for transmitting draft and buff References Cited by the Examiner forces from said central sill member to said draft UNITED STATES PATENTS force transmitting members to said side sill elements 1 99 49 1 1929 willoughby 105 3 0 to said body means, 1,872,272 8/ 1932 Fun-er 105360 and cushioning means coupling each bolster with the 5 ,801,597 8/1957 Ecolf 105414 body means whereby draft and buff forces are also 3,161,147 12/1964 PP 105-250 transmitted from said central sill member to said 3192880 7/1965 Bergtrand 105454 bolsters throu h said cushioning means to said body 3223052 12/1965 Gutrldge et a1 105454 b 3,228,354 12/1966 Gutndge et al 105454 means, 10 whereby coupler draft forces are transmitted to the ARTHUR LA POINT P'Zmary Examinerunderframe and the body means, DRAYTON E. HOFFMAN, Examiner. 

3. A RAILROAD CAR COMPRISING: A RAILROAD CAR UNDERFRAME, SAID UNDERFRAME HAVING A PAIR OF OPPOSED LONGITUDINALLY EXTENDING END SILL-LIKE STRUCTURES FOR TRANSMITTING DRAFT AND BUFF FORCES FROM THE RAILROAD CAR COUPLERS, SAID UNDERFRAME DEFINING AN OPEN SPACE BETWEEN EACH OF SID SILL-LIKE STRUCTURES, A PAIR OF LONGITUDINALLY EXTENDING LATERALLY OPPOSED FLEXIBLE ELONGATED DRAFT FORCE TRANSMITTING SIDE RIBBON SILL ELEMENTS INTERCONNECTING WITH SAID SILL-LIKE STRUCTURES, A RAILROAD CAR BODY MEANS HAVING END PORTIONS MOUNTED OVER SAID SILL-LIKE STRUCTURES FOR SUPPORT THEREBY FOR LONGITUDINAL RECIPROCATION WITH RESPECT TO SAID SILL STRUCTURES, 